This paper discusses the challenges of agricultural adaptation to climate change in nigeria under the categories adapted from fao, 2001 hunger and poverty. Effects of climate change on the environment and agriculture in nigeria the effects of climate change on agricultural production vary from one region to another depending on the prevailing climate of the region hence affects agricultural productivity differently. In recent times, climate change has generated a global issue of discourse, because of its potential effects on the human interest, including agriculture. Human induced climate change resulting from increase in the concentration of ngree house gasses ghgs in the atmosphere and food insecurity are too related threats facing mankind in the 21st. Climatic fluctuation is putting nigerias agriculture system under serious threat and stress. Review of climate change and its effect on nigeria ecosystem olaniyi o. Climatesmart agriculture csa can play an important role in addressing the interlinked challenges of food security and climate change. Vulnerability, impact and adaptation to climate change in nigeria. Most of the effects of climate change are likely to be harmful ones. Department of crop production, faculty of agriculture, university of maiduguri, maiduguri, borno state, nigeria email. Agriculture and climate change are deeply intertwined.
Climate change has a significant impact on agricultural systems as it affects both plant and animal health. The effects of climate change on agriculture, land. Climate change effects on agriculture will have consequences for food security, both in the u. In addition, the effects of climate change are increasing and becoming known worldwide. Effects of climate change on agricultural production and. These two nations have been chosen particularly due to their differences in terms of income per capita levels and location. Impact of climate change on agriculture and rural development 2. Phenology is the study of natural phenomena that recur periodically, and how these phenomena relate to climate and seasonal changes. Confidence in the projected impacts of climate change on agricultural systems has increased substantially since the first intergovernmental panel on climate change ipcc reports. The potential impact of climate change on nigerian agriculture. The intergovernmental panel on climate change ipcc stated that climate change is emerging as one of the cardinal challenges of the 21st century 1.
Nigeria is entirely dependent on climate and changes in climate are bound to affect it. Mean annual and monthly temperature and rainfall data were collected from the nigerian meteorological. Climate change induced yield effects by crop and management system, % change from yield with 2000 climate to yield with 2050 climate 5 2. Tradeoffs in the agriculture industry students conduct research on. The effects of climate change in nigeria nasiru idris.
In nigeria, we are losing about 350,000m2 of land mass yearly to desert condition, which is advancing southwardly at an estimated rate of 0. The effects of climate change on agriculture, land resources. The effects of global warming on food supply are dire, whilst world population is increasing. Effects of regional climate change on agriculture have been limited. Meeting malabo declaration goals through climatesmart agriculture. Climate change impacts on agriculture across africa oxford. Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in. Climate change and global warming if left unchecked will cause adverse effects on livelihoods in nigeria, such as crop production, livestock production, fisheries, forestry and postharvest. This paper examines the issue of climate change and its impact on the environment.
The effects of climate change are significant in todays society and will have a tremendous impact on human life across the world. The effects of climate change which is as the result of human activities and moreso, in nigeria all the region have be affected. Climatesmart agriculture food and agriculture organization. The projected negative impacts of climate change will not only affect farmers crop yields and incomes, but also there will be flowon effects to the rest of the sectors in the economy as explained in the last paper the economic impacts of agricultural productivity losses due to climate change. Climate change effects on crop production, no co 2 fertilization 9 4. The effects of climate change in nigeria the agricultural sector contributes some percentage of the nigerian gross national product and. Thus, for many poor countries like nigeria that are highly vulnerable to effects of climate change, understanding farmers responses to climatic variation is crucial.
Mitigation and adaptation strategies to the effects of climate change on the environment and agriculture in nigeria article pdf available april 2016 with 6,879 reads how we measure reads. The communique stated that climate change is a development issue that should be mainstreamed into various sectors of national, regional and state development plans. Six leading climate models provided estimates of future changes in temperature and precipitation at a typical detail of about 2,000 landbased areas, or grid cells. Also assessed was the level of agriculture funding and output in nigeria. The paper is organized into 5 sections and begins with a brief description of agriculture in the prairies, establishing the biophysical and socioeconomic context. Analysis of the effects of climate change on crop output. We examine the effect of climate change on the shortrun and longrun productivity using the autoregressive distributed lag model ardl. This paper examines the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in nigeria. The relationship between agriculture and climate change is problematic to say the least, and it is putting food.
The effects of climate change on agricultural systems a 5. The effects of climate change on agricultural systems a. However, such increase is found to have beneficial effects on the productivity of a few crops grown in northern nigeria. Empirical information abstract climate change impacts and its challenges depend on a range of the climate parameters changes. The potential impact of climate change on nigerian agriculture ifpri. Impact as used may be negative or positive or a combination.
Indisputably, climate change is humanitys most significant challenge, and we cannot afford to ignore it any longer. Effects of global climate change on nigerian agriculture. Climate change as a term in common usage over much of the world is now taken to mean anthropogenically driven change in climate. Climate change and agricultural productivity in nigeria. In nigeria, agriculture is the main source of food and a. Pdf impact of climate change on rice agriculture in nigeria. Nigeria is also a thriving market for fairly used or old vehicles. It is observed that absence of rapid response strategies to both short and long term climate change, including climate variability will have significant effect on the agricultural production. Extreme climatic events such as flooding, extreme heat, and drought has led to soil degradation which results in low crop yields.
There is need for sustainable agriculture to meet the increasing demand for food for the growing population in nigeria. Building nigerias response to climate change bnrcc 2007. Climatechange effects on crop production, no co 2 fertilization 9 4. Climate change has been confirmed following release of the 4th ipcc assessment report. Climate change is the variation of the average state of the atmosphere over time, ranging from decades to millions of years in a region or across the entire globe. G, india abstract global climate change is a change in the longterm weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. Economic impact of climate change on irrigated rice. The driver of multiple causes of flood intensity in. Changes in crop phenology provide important evidence of the response to recent regional climate change.
The term weather refers to the shortterm daily changes in. Pdf effect of climate change on agricultural productivity in. Considering the alarming predictions of researchers and policy makers concerning the natural phenomenon climate change, this study effects of climate change on agricultural sustainability implications for food security was carried out in. Its time to change the way agriculture affects the environment, and vice versa. The effects of climate change on agriculture and food. Federal ministry for economic cooperation and development, germany.
Department of crop protection, faculty of agriculture. Pdf nigeria economy already battered by the fall in oil price in the international market, with0. In this article, we examine the effects impacts of climate change on agriculture in nigeria. Climate change and global warming is the current global problem many countries are facing. Through the recently published online climatesmart agriculture sourcebook second edition 2017, at the 23rd conference of. Climate change information on nigeria agriculture, food security, land degradation, forestry and biodiversity.
Climate change is perhaps the most serious environmental threat to the fight against hunger, malnutrition, disease and poverty in africa, mainly through its impact on agricultural productivity. More efforts have been made to quantify the economic impact of climate change on agriculture in developed countries than developing countries. As the climate changes, increased temperatures and extreme events are predicted in the southwestern united states, which could impact crop productivity and food security. Climate smart agriculture csa can play an important role in addressing the interlinked challenges of food security and climate change. Climate change i climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in zimbabwe i iied climate change working paper no. Challenges of agricultural adaptation to climate change in. It is one of a series of 21 synthesis and assessment products being produced under the auspices of the u.
Pdf general overview of climate change impacts in nigeria. Climate change is a worldwide phenomenon but a second look at the topic suggests that nigeria may be immune from it. This prompted this study that took a general overview of climate change impacts in nigeria. Apr 18, 2011 the effects of climate change which is as the result of human activities and moreso, in nigeria all the region have be affected. Changes in climate have over the millenniums been driven by natural processes, and these mechanisms continue to cause change. Making farmland decisions in a changing climate to learn about challenges associated with agricultural production under climate change conditions, students play a game in which they make management decisions for a farm and evaluate the effects. Even then, there has been no major research carried out in nigeria to study the economic effects of climate change on agriculture. Nigeria is still practicing rain fed agriculture which renders her vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. We examine the effect of climate change on the shortrun and longrun productivity using the. Implication for agricultural extension system in nigeria ifeanyiobi c. Thank you for your interest in the usda southwest climate hubs curriculum unit, the effects of climate change on agricultural systems. Climate change, agriculture and food management in nigeria ibrahim, m. Increased temperatures, especially in the number of extreme hot days, as well as changes in precipitation, are the main climatic variables affecting agriculture on the african continent.
The results show that the productivity of more than half of the staple crops in nigeria is threatened by increase in total annual rainfall and extreme temperature nationally and across states in nigeria. An appraisal of climate change and agriculture in nigeria. Climatechange induced yield effects by crop and management system, % change from yield with 2000 climate to yield with 2050 climate 5 2. This report examines how extreme weather conditions have affected the mean and variance of the yield of 18 food crops in nigeria over a period of 42 years. That climate change has disastrous consequences which nigeria has began to experience especially in the southern nigeria as reflected in the massive flood experienced in 2012. This study employed the ricardian approach to test the relative importance of climate normals average longterm temperature and precipitation in explaining net revenue from nigerian rice agriculture under irrigation and dry land conditions. Pdf mitigation and adaptation strategies to the effects. Such climate change may influence agriculture in a positive way co 2 fertilization. Agriculture and climate change a blog about adaptation of agriculture to climate change. Read more titled a thriving agricultural sector in a changing climate. The states covered all the six geopolitical zones in the. May 23, 2016 in nigeria, we are losing about 350,000m2 of land mass yearly to desert condition, which is advancing southwardly at an estimated rate of 0. Pdf climatic fluctuation is putting nigerias agriculture system under serious threat and stress.
Africa will be worst hit by the effects of climate change which nigeria is part of it. With so many climate change challenges like in south south and south east gas flaring northern part with drought and desertification both arid and semi arid desert shortage of water and so on. Carbon emission was used to capture the effect of climate change. According to study and forecast of the intergovernmental panel on climate change ippc and the world bank, in vietnam, the sea level rising 1 meter will flood about. Oct 25, 2012 for example, by favoring the research on agriculture and promoting the use of natural phosphates to fertilize land and actions against poverty through incomegenerating activities, policymakers can contribute to the vulgarization of plant and animal species the most adapted to climate change. In order to ensure food security, we need to understand the climatic changes around us and how it affects agricultural productivity and rural livelihood. This article will discuss the effects of climate change on agriculture in nigeria and thailand. Climate change and its impact on agriculture anupama mahato junior research fellow, guru ghasidasvishwavidyalaya, koni, c. Evidence of climate change impacts on agriculture and food. This report is an assessment of the effects of climate change on u.
Apata variability, these studies assumed that farmers could adapt to climate change by changing crop varieties and timing of planting and harvesting, while in the without adaptation scenario it is assumed that farmers do not make any adjustments over time. Effect of climate change on agricultural productivity in nigeria. Meeting malabo declaration goals through climate smart agriculture. Agriculture is a key contributor to climate change, and 30 percent of the world s agricultural land is affected by the drastic effects of climate change. Department of agricultural economics and extension, university of port harcourt, nigeria. Petroleum and agriculture, making the country highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. A survey was done by interviewing 1200 rice farmers from 20 rice producing states in nigeria. Causes and effects on african agriculture sodangi i. Adaptation measures can help delay and reduce some of these impacts. Analysis of the effects of climate change on crop output in. Nigeria and climate change the guardian nigeria news. These effects have also metamorphosed into some impacts such as the decline in agricultural activities, drought, migration, health problems, crises among farmers. In the future, wars over natural resources could result in millions or even billions of casualties. Climate change impacts on agriculture across africa.
Effects of climate change on agricultural production and rural. Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in zimbabwe. O3 1,3 joseph ayo babalola university, ikeji, arakeji, osun state 2 adeyemi college of education ondo abstract. In africa, much work has gone into downscaling global climate models to understand regional impacts, but there remains a dearth of local level understanding of impacts and communities.
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